Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line a muffin pan with muffin cups, paper muffin liners, or cupcake liners.
In a large bowl, whisk together the dry ingredients: flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, and cinnamon.
In a large mixing bowl, combine the wet ingredients: melted butter, pumpkin puree, sourdough starter, maple syrup, eggs, and vanilla extract. A whisk works well, though a stand mixer or hand mixer can make it even quicker.
Pour the wet ingredients into the bowl of dry ingredients. Stir gently until a thick muffin batter forms. Fold in chocolate chips if using.
Cover your batter and allow it to sit and ferment at room temperature for 4-12 hours. Alternately, you can place it in the fridge overnight. The batter will start to look puffed up and bubbles will begin to form.
Make the crumble topping: In a small bowl, combine flour, brown sugar, salt, and cinnamon. Use a fork to stir in the melted butter until a crumbly texture forms.
After finished fermenting, scoop batter into the prepared muffin tin using a ⅓ cup measure or large cookie scoop. Top generously with crumble. Note: The crumble is optional and is unfermented. If you're sensitive to gluten and only tolerate fermented grains, just leave the crumble off.
Bake for 22–25 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
Cool the baked muffins in the muffin pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack.